SQUALL Examples

Language features

A number of the following examples were freely inspired by A Comparison of RDF Query Languages (Haase, Broekstra, Eberhart and Volz, ISWC'04).

Path expressions: What is the name of the author-s of PaperX?
Union: What is the label of a topic or is the title of a publication?
Difference: What is the label of a topic and is not the title of a publication?
Optional: The author-s of a publication have which name and maybe have which email?; What is the name of an author X of a publication and if defined, what is the email of X ?
Quantification: Which person is an author of every publication?; Which person is an author of at least 10 publication-s?
Modifiers: Which mountain has the highest elevation ?; Which mountain has an elevation that is the 2nd highest ?; Which person-s have the 10 lowest age ?; Which person-s have a child whose age is the 3rd to 5th lowest ?
Aggregation: How many person-s are an author of PaperX?; PaperX has how many author-s?; What is the number of author-s of PaperX?; Which publication has how many author-s?; Which publication has at least 3 author-s?; Which publication has between 2 and 3 author-s?; Which publication has the most author-s?; Who is the author of the most publication-s?
Grouping: How many person-s have which affiliation ?; What is the number of person-s per affiliation ?; How many publication-s have an author that has which affiliation?; What is the number of publication-s X per the affiliation of an author of X ?; What is the number of publication-s whose author has some affiliation A per A ?; What is the average number of publication-s per author ?; For every journal J, give me the average number of publication-s that are-publishedIn J per author.
Recursion: What is a subtopic+ of InformationSystems?
Entailment: What is a publication?; What has a rdf:type that is-rdfs:subClassOf* the class publication?
Reifications of predicates ('relate(s)') and classes ('belong(s)'): Which rdf:Property relates a publication to a person?; To which nationality an author of PaperX belongs?
Graphs and services: In which graph whose source is SourceX every publication has at least 1 author?; Give me all researcher-s which from service Facebook have at least 10 friend-s.; In which graph PersonX know-s PersonY?; Which person knows PersonX in at least 3 graphs?
Patterns: How many publication-s have topic 'Computer Science' ?; Which person whose rdfs:label is 'John Smith' is an author of PaperX ?
Namespaces: Which organisation has a str that matches "^http:/www.aifb.unikarlsruhe.de/"?; The string of which organisation matches "^http:/www.aifb.unikarlsruhe.de/"?
Language: What has language "de" and is the rdfs:label of the topic that has a rdfs:label whose str is "Database Management" and whose language is "en"?
Literals and Datatypes: Which publication has pageNumber 8?; Which publication has a pageNumber whose str is "08"?
Expressions: Which rectangle has the heigth * the width equal to 100 and has 2 * (the height + the width) equal to 40 ?; Return concat("Hello ", the foaf:firstName, " ", the foaf:lastName, " !") of all person-s .; Which person has substr(the foaf:name,0,3) that contains "Dr" ?; Is every odd + every even an even ?
Collections: Which publication-s have authorList [PersonA, PersonB, PersonC] ?; Which publication-s have authorList [PersonA, _, PersonC] ?; What is an rdf:element of the authorList of PaperX ?; PaperX has authorList [..., what, ...] ?; What is the rdf:last of the authorList of PaperX ?; PaperX has authorList [..., what] ?
Imperative questions: Return the publication-s of PersonX .; List all author-s of PaperX .; Give me the title of the publication-s of PersonX .
Closed questions (ASK): Whether PubliX has an author that worksFor OrgY?; Does PaperX have an author that worksFor OrgY ?
Describe questions (DESCRIBE): Describe PaperX.; Describe every author of PaperX.
Graph literals as results (CONSTRUCT, N3 formulas): For every person X that shares a parent with a person Y, return that X has sibling Y and Y has sibling X.; For every person X, for S = concat(every firstname, " ", every lastname) of X, return that X has fullname S.; If a person X shares a parent with a person Y then return that X has sibling Y and Y has sibling X.
Insertion: BookX is a book whose title is "A new book" and whose author is PersonY.
Deletion: In graph GraphA BookX has title "Compiler Design" and not "Compiler desing".
Group of updates: For every book B that some P relates to some V and whose date < 2001-01-01, P does not relate B to V.; If a book B has at least 2 author-s then B is a CollaborativeWork.
Graph-level updates: Load <http://example.org/data.rdf> into GraphA.; Move GraphA to the default graph.; Clear all named graphs.; Drop all graphs.
Copy: Every P that relates some S to some V in graph GraphA relates S to V in graph GraphB.
Move: Every P that relates some S to some V in graph GraphA relates S to V in graph GraphB and not GraphA.

About films in DBpedia

The following examples are valid queries for the DBpedia SPARQL endpoint. To get results to those queries from DBpedia, just click the first link after the SPARQL translation. To make the writing of queries more concise and natural, the following prefix declarations are added to those of the Dbpedia SPARQL endpoint:

PREFIX : <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX res: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
PREFIX dbp: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>

QALD-3 DBpedia training questions

The following examples are SQUALL translations for the DBpedia training questions from the QALD challenge, co-located with CLEF 2013. Those SQUALL translations have been designed to conform to the SPARQL solutions, and therefore may not be the simplest translation of the original English questions. We here assume the same prefixes as above.

QALD-3 DBpedia test questions

Same as above with DBpedia 'test' questions.